Out DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa respectively (Figure C).Ethical consideration All protocols had been performed based on the national institute of overall health guide for the care and use of laboratory animals (NIH Publications No revised).The utilised protocols and animals’ ethics have been authorized by the analysis council of ethical committee of Yazd research and clinical center for infertility and Islamic Azad University of Ashkhezar, Yazd, Iran.Statistical evaluation For statistical evaluation, we applied Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA(SPSS).ANOVA and KruskallWallis tests were used for comparison in the information in between various groups.The data have expressed as median (minmax) and also the variations were statistically substantial at p.ResultsSperm parameters According to table I, even though, the sperm count showed a decreasing trend in medium and higher dosage Acid Yellow 23 MedChemExpress groups when in comparison with low dosage and control 1, nevertheless it was not statistically substantial.Injection of MA decreased the rate of progressive motility in medium and higher dosage groups but not in low dosage group (p.and p respectively; Table I).Also, nonprogressive motility and immotile spermatozoa had been drastically increased in medium and high dosage groups in comparison with control and low dosage groups (p Table I).Normal morphology was substantially decreased in medium and higher dosage groups when compared with other groups.Sperm chromatin and apoptosis evaluations There was a considerable enhance in price of AB and TB spermatozoa in high dosage group in comparison with others.Additionally, the rate of CMA sperm cells in medium and higher dosage groups showed a important enhance when compared with manage group.In similar case, a significant difference was observed between high dosage group and other people in AO, TUNEL and SCD (p p.and p.respectively) (Table II).Table I.Effect of distinctive doses of MA on sperm parameters and AR in miceGroups Sperm parameters Count (ml) Progressive motility Nonprogressive motility Immotile sperm Normal morphology AR Information are shown as median (min max).MA Methamphetamine Handle Low dosage . Medium dosage . High dosage . . PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21605214 . pvalue ……AR Acrosome reactionTable II.Effect of diverse doses of MA on sperm nuclear integrity and apoptosisGroups Control Chromatin sperm assays AB TB . CMA AO TUNEL . SCD Information are shown as median (min max) as percentage.Low dosage . . Medium dosage . . . High dosage . . . . pvalue ……International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine Vol..No..pp , MarchEffect of methamphetamine on sperm parametersFigure .A) Papanicolaou staining Typical (A), pin head (B), amorphous head (C), bent tail (D), coiled mid piece (E) types.B) AB staining Sperm head with immature nuclear chromatin is intense dark blue (AB) and sperm head with mature nuclei is light blue (AB).TB staining sperm cells with regular chromatin are light blue (TB ) and abnormal chromatin is dark blue (TB) ( magnification).ATUNELBAOCAOSCDTUNELSCDFigure .A) TUNEL assay Constructive apoptosis cells is brilliant florescent green (TUNEL) and negative apoptosis cells is pale and opaque green (TUNEL).B) Acridine Orange test positive AO cells are yellow (AO) and unfavorable cells with normal DNA exhibited in green colour (AO).C) Sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test Large halo represents no DNA fragmentation (SCD ) and no halo and tiny halo show sperm with DNA fragmentation (SCD) ( magnification.