-violaxanthal, glandulone B, methyl (9Z)-6 -oxooxo-6,5′-diapo-6-carotenoate, and ganoderiol
-violaxanthal, glandulone B, methyl (9Z)-6 -oxooxo-6,5′-diapo-6-carotenoate, and ganoderiol C. six,five -diapo-6-carotenoate, and ganoderiol C.Figure five. Venn diagram taking into consideration the VIP discriminant compounds as outlined by either “origin” or “plantspecies”. “plant species”.Figure five. Venn diagram taking into consideration the VIP discriminant compounds as outlined by either “origin” or3.4. Carotenoid Contents in Pumpkin Pulp Extracts The carotenoid contents within the pumpkin samples had been analysed by HPLC-DAD, plus the benefits are reported in Figure six. The information show that there was a large variability PF-06454589 Inhibitor inside the cumulative total carotenoids content (CC), ranging from 2.09 (sample 22) to 0.04 (sampleAntioxidants 2021, ten,11 of3.four. Carotenoid Contents in Pumpkin Pulp Extracts The carotenoid contents in the pumpkin samples have been analysed by HPLC-DAD, along with the benefits are reported in Figure 6. The information show that there was a big variability within the cumulative total carotenoids content material (CC), ranging from 2.09 (sample 22) to 0.04 (sample 384) mg/g dry matter, with much more than half the samples bearing a total cumulative content material 0.5 mg/g. The distinct values of CC for every access were most likely as a consequence of genetic influence rather than climate, soil, sowing, harvesting, and storage situations, due to the fact these variables have been the same for each of the samples. The five accessions with a CC above 1.0 mg/mL (22, 173, 177, 212, 245) had comparable contents of -carotene, except for sample 173, which had 2-Bromo-6-nitrophenol Purity & Documentation slightly much less. Generally, a single could possibly count on that the pulp of these pumpkins could be very coloured, considering the fact that -carotene is primarily responsible for the bright orange ed colour of pumpkin pulps [39]. Instead, the pulp of accessions 177 and 245 was extremely pale (Figure two). From this, one particular can infer that -carotene content material and visual colour aren’t directly related, at least not amongst the accessions investigated in this study. Correlations involving CC and antioxidant activity have been also carried out, and in the outcomes obtained (ABTS:CC = -0.155, FRAP:CC = 0.097) usually do not seem to become correlated. The graph also shows large variability in the 4 varieties of carotenoids quantified, with sample 22 having the highest content material of -carotene and among the highest for carotene, but zeaxanthin and lutein were hardly detected. By far the most consistent carotenoid detected was -carotene, found in all samples, albeit at different concentrations. Interestingly, zeaxanthin was detected in all pumpkins not originally from Serbia, 12 of 17 except in two (23 and 384), whereas in Serbian pumpkins, this carotenoid was present in only four samples (2, 3, four, 212) out on the 13 tested.Antioxidants 2021, 10,Figure six. Total carotenoid content material in in pumpkin samples measuredHPLC-DAD. Results are expressed as mg/g dry matter. six. Total carotenoid content pumpkin samples measured by by HPLC-DAD. Benefits are expressed as mg/g dry matter. The cumulative carotenoidfor every single sample is sample is broken down into the four carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, The cumulative carotenoid content content material for every broken down into the 4 carotenoids calculated calculated (lutein, zeaxanthin, -carotene). -carotene). Serbian samples are indicated in bold.expressed asexpressed as mean values S.D (n -carotene, -carotene, Serbian samples are indicated in bold. Final results are Final results are imply values S.D (n = two). = two).4. Discussion four. Discussion Earlier research have reported that pumpkins and their by-products show variPrevious studies have reported that pumpkins and their by-pr.