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Cell. Mol. Life Sci. (2014) 71:1799828 DOI 10.1007/s000180131472Cellular and Molecular Life SciencesRevIewInitiation of mRNA decay in bacteriaSoumaya Laalami L a Zig Harald PutzerReceived: 25 May possibly 2013 / Revised: 1 September 2013 / Accepted: 3 September 2013 / Published on the internet: 25 September 2013 The Author(s) 2013. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.comAbstract The instability of messenger RNA is basic for the handle of gene expression. In bacteria, mRNA degradation normally follows an “allornone” pattern. This implies that if control is always to be efficient, it will have to happen in the initiating (and presumably ratelimiting) step of the degradation approach. Research of E. coli and B. subtilis, species separated by three billion years of evolution, have revealed the principal and very disparate enzymes involved within this course of action within the two organisms. The early view that mRNA decay in these two model organisms is radically various has provided method to new models that may be resumed by “different enzymessimilar strategies”. The current characterization of important ribonucleases sheds light on an impressive case of convergent evolution that Taurolidine medchemexpress illustrates that the surprisingly related functions of these completely unrelated enzymes are of general significance to RNA metabolism in bacteria. we now realize that the big mRNA decay pathways initiate with an endonucleolytic cleavage in E. coli and B. subtilis and probably in lots of in the at the moment known Phosphonoacetic acid Technical Information bacteria for which these organisms are considered representative. we will discuss right here the distinctive pathways of eubacterial mRNA decay, describe the significant players and summarize the events that can precede and/or favor nucleolytic inactivation of a mRNA, notably the role with the five end and translation initiation. Finally, we are going to discuss the function of subcellular compartmentalization of transcription, translation, as well as the RNA degradation machinery.This manuscript is dedicated for the memory of Marianne GrunbergManago. S. Laalami L. Zig H. Putzer () CNRS UPR9073 (Associated with UniversitParis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cit, Institut de Biologie PhysicoChimique, 13rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France email: [email protected] mRNA degradation RNase e RNase J RNase Y Gene expression Prokaryote Abbreviations NTH Nterminal half CTH Cterminal half RBS Ribosome binding siteIntroduction Messenger RNA (mRNA) is shortlived. In bacteria, the halflives of mRNAs can vary from seconds to over an hour, however they are commonly a great deal shorter than the doubling time in the organism. This metabolic instability is critical for (1) adapting the pattern of gene expression to a altering atmosphere, which is often controlled in the degree of transcription, (two) generating the correct volume of a provided protein, and (3) recycling of ribonucleotides for incorporation into new RNA molecules. For all of those reasons, mRNA degradation should be precisely controlled, notably to maximize the competitivity of bacteria in a possibly hostile atmosphere. The only efficient strategy to regulate mRNA decay is usually to control the actions initiating degradation. Certainly, mRNA decay in bacteria generally follows firstorder kinetics, based on a ratedetermining initial step. Decay intermediates are.