Pool are reported within the Supplementary Table (S Table).ProcedureAfter choice
Pool are reported within the Supplementary Table (S Table).ProcedureAfter choice, subjects were randomly assigned to one of 8 groups, which means that they participated within the experiment in groups of 4 (two females and two males). This study adopts a balanced style and consists of two laboratory sessions in which subjects are asked to carry out the test battery (see below) under two circumstances: just after 1 night of undisturbed sleep at residence and soon after a single night of sleep deprivation inside the laboratory. As a result, all participants completed two testing sessions, which were each scheduled at about 0.00 a.m. There was a time interval of at the very least week involving the two experimental circumstances. The 
order of circumstances was counterbalanced amongst the eight groups: 4 groups (six subjects) participated within the “sleep condition” initial, while the other 4 groups participated in the “sleep deprivation condition” initial. All of the subjects arrived at the laboratory about 9.00 hours to start the night of extended wakefulness Subjects have been requested to not leave the space until the final testing session was completed. They have been permitted to read, watch films, study, listen to music, surf the internet and play games. Light snacks were permitted, while caffeinated beverages, chocolate, alcohol, and medicines that will induce or contrast sleepiness weren’t allowed during the deprivation period. Time info was offered. The lab was continually illuminated by neon lamps (about 300 lux). Two experimenters (one particular female, 1 male) supervised the subjects all through the night. Subjects had been tested in groups of four. They were seated in front of a 2inch computer system screen, at a distance of 50 cm. Printed guidelines for every single process have been Imazamox offered towards the participants; additional explanations were offered by 1 experimenter verbally, if requested. Every single testing session, lasting about five min, incorporated the RLP and DG tasks, which have been usually administered within the exact same (fixed) order. Before each and every testing session, all the participants subjectively evaluated their alertness and sleepiness by means of a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) along with the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS, see under). As for the payment protocol, subjects were informed that 1 round across the 24 of each and every incentivized process (see under) could be drawn at random for payment in the end of every session. As is typical for multisession experiments, subjects received their complete winnings only in the finish with the second session. Average payment was 34 (SD six).TasksIncentivized Process : Random Lottery Pair (RLP). This process is based on 24 binary choices among lotteries involving 4 fixed monetary prizes ( 0, 5, 0 and 5). Subjects are asked to select their preferred lottery by clicking on the corresponding button (see Appendix B forPLOS A single DOI:0.37journal.pone.020029 March 20,5 Sleep Loss, Danger Taking and AltruismTable . Regression analysis. Risky Option Logit RE Deprivation Gender Gender Deprivation CRT CRT Deprivation Delta KSS Delta KSS Deprivation Delta VAS_AI Delta VAS_AI Deprivation Continual 0.630(0.309) 0.266 (0.29) 0.86 (0.248) 0.55 (0.24) 0.288 (0.06) 0.08 (0.086) 0.39 (0.074) 0.002 (0.002) 0.0004 (0.00) 0.497 (0.358) six.47 w p (0.000) Observations Subjects Notes: regular errors in parentheses; p 0.0, p 0.05, p 0.0; Estimates have been performed with Stata three. w Egoism Index Tobit RE 0.260 (0.32) 0.045 (0.87) 0.88 PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24126911 (0.) 0.40 (0.080) 0.094 (0.047) 0.06 (0.054) 0.049 (0.030) 0.002 (0.00) 0.002 (0.0008) .39 (0.2.