Were selected. The incidence of WRN and the mortality rate according to the presence of WRN were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis (logrank test). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 18.0 K software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).more frequently present in patients with WRN. However, there was no difference 
in male sex, mean age, other co-morbid diseases, indications for warfarin therapy, and follow-up period according to WRN.Baseline laboratory findings within 6 months before INR .3.Patients with WRN had lower basal Hb, Hct, serum calcium, total protein, and albumin levels than patients without WRN. On the other hand, there was no difference in basal INR, liver function test, sCr, and eGFR between the two groups (Table 2).Results The incidence of warfarin-related nephropathyAmong 1297 recruited patients, 670 (51.7 ) were male, and the mean age was 68.4612.5 years. The mean duration of follow-up in this study was 23.3626.8 (range 0.04 to 106.10) months, and the mean period from the administration of warfarin to the event of INR .3.0 was 8.5617.1 (range 0.04 to 104.33) months. During the follow-up period, WRN developed in 250 patients, constituting 19.3 of all recruited patients. The MedChemExpress Cucurbitacin I remaining 1047 (80.7 ) patients had the event of INR .3.0 but not enough of an increase in the sCr level to satisfy AKIN criteria. The majority of cases of WRN (82.2 ) occurred within the first year after the initiation of warfarin therapy. WRN developed in 24.0 of patients with CKD and in 17.4 of patients without CKD (Table 1).Laboratory findings within 1 week after INR .3.INR was higher in patients with WRN than patients without INR, and the increase in INR over basal INR was also higher in patients with WRN than without WRN. Although the Hb and Hct level were lower in patients with WRN than patients without WRN, there was no difference in the decrease in these values over basal Hb and Hct according to the presence of WRN, suggesting that there were no clinically significant bleeding events in our patients. Platelet counts in peripheral blood and the changes over basal platelet counts did not differ between the patients with and without WRN. The histogram of the changes in serum creatinine from baseline value showed the normal distribution (Figure 1). As expected from the definition of WRN, the sCr level was higher in patients with WRN than patients without WRN, and the percentages of increment of the sCr level and decrement of the eGFR over basal values were much 1516647 greater in the WRN group. Liver function test assessed by serum AST and ALT was worse in WRN group (Table 3).Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of patientsThe demographic and baseline clinical characteristics classified by the development of WRN are shown in Table 1. Diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease (CAD), CKD, and CHF wereRisk get Naringin factors for the development of WRNWe analyzed risk factors for the development of WRN, as shown in Table S1 and Table 4. Of the co-morbid conditions,Table 6. The frequency of the use of non-nephrotoxic drugs according to the occurrence of WRN.No WRN (N = 1047, 80.7 ) Prescription rate of drugs related to acute illness ( ) 98.9 (N = 1035)WRN (N = 250, 19.3 ) 99.6 (N = 249)P-value0.*Non-nephrotoxic drugs potentially associated with acute illness include antiplatelets, thrombolytics, inotropics, antibiotics, antiviral drug, antifungal drug, proton pump inhibit.Were selected. The incidence of WRN and the mortality rate according to the presence of WRN were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis (logrank test). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 18.0 K software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).more frequently present in patients with WRN. However, there was no difference in male sex, mean age, other co-morbid diseases, indications for warfarin therapy, and follow-up period according to WRN.Baseline laboratory findings within 6 months before INR .3.Patients with WRN had 
lower basal Hb, Hct, serum calcium, total protein, and albumin levels than patients without WRN. On the other hand, there was no difference in basal INR, liver function test, sCr, and eGFR between the two groups (Table 2).Results The incidence of warfarin-related nephropathyAmong 1297 recruited patients, 670 (51.7 ) were male, and the mean age was 68.4612.5 years. The mean duration of follow-up in this study was 23.3626.8 (range 0.04 to 106.10) months, and the mean period from the administration of warfarin to the event of INR .3.0 was 8.5617.1 (range 0.04 to 104.33) months. During the follow-up period, WRN developed in 250 patients, constituting 19.3 of all recruited patients. The remaining 1047 (80.7 ) patients had the event of INR .3.0 but not enough of an increase in the sCr level to satisfy AKIN criteria. The majority of cases of WRN (82.2 ) occurred within the first year after the initiation of warfarin therapy. WRN developed in 24.0 of patients with CKD and in 17.4 of patients without CKD (Table 1).Laboratory findings within 1 week after INR .3.INR was higher in patients with WRN than patients without INR, and the increase in INR over basal INR was also higher in patients with WRN than without WRN. Although the Hb and Hct level were lower in patients with WRN than patients without WRN, there was no difference in the decrease in these values over basal Hb and Hct according to the presence of WRN, suggesting that there were no clinically significant bleeding events in our patients. Platelet counts in peripheral blood and the changes over basal platelet counts did not differ between the patients with and without WRN. The histogram of the changes in serum creatinine from baseline value showed the normal distribution (Figure 1). As expected from the definition of WRN, the sCr level was higher in patients with WRN than patients without WRN, and the percentages of increment of the sCr level and decrement of the eGFR over basal values were much 1516647 greater in the WRN group. Liver function test assessed by serum AST and ALT was worse in WRN group (Table 3).Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of patientsThe demographic and baseline clinical characteristics classified by the development of WRN are shown in Table 1. Diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease (CAD), CKD, and CHF wereRisk factors for the development of WRNWe analyzed risk factors for the development of WRN, as shown in Table S1 and Table 4. Of the co-morbid conditions,Table 6. The frequency of the use of non-nephrotoxic drugs according to the occurrence of WRN.No WRN (N = 1047, 80.7 ) Prescription rate of drugs related to acute illness ( ) 98.9 (N = 1035)WRN (N = 250, 19.3 ) 99.6 (N = 249)P-value0.*Non-nephrotoxic drugs potentially associated with acute illness include antiplatelets, thrombolytics, inotropics, antibiotics, antiviral drug, antifungal drug, proton pump inhibit.